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Since plants grow in nature without
all sorts of extra attention, why can't I rely on nature to take care of the plants in my landscape?
Ideally,
nature would take care of this for us. Unfortunately, we often want to grow plants in places they wouldn't naturally
grow. We also want to grow more of them than would naturally grow in an area. And, we want to plant them at what
nature would consider to be the "wrong" time of season. Because of all this, we can't simply rely on
nature to provide what is needed to establish our new plants.
What should be considered a "new"
plant?
"New" will vary according to the type and size of plants. Generally, our goal is to be
sure any plant is getting what it needs until it has developed a new root system and foliate that is extensive enough to let
it gather what it needs from its surroundings.
How long will new plant need special attention?
With
fast growing plants such as annual flowers and vegetables, new plants will only need extra attention the first two or three
weeks. Because they are genetically programmed to complete their life cycle within a growing season, they very quickly
develop the needed roots and foliage. Perennials are a little slower to establish and may require special attention
for a month or two. Woody plants such as trees and shrubs are much slower growing and are usually larger to start with,
so they will require extra attention throughout their first growing season. If they are planted late in the season,
they may need some help early the next season too. If you are planting very large plants of any type, they will need
even more care because they have much more plant material to support right away. Bulbs are the exception. Because
they have their own fleshy storage system (i.e., a bulb, corn, rhizome, etc), they are a little bit more tolerant of adverse
conditions.
At the end of that period of time, can I just let the plants rely on nature?
Yes
and no. After going through the initial period of time when; you have babied them, plants will develop extra strength
by going through slight periods of drought or other stress. But you certainly don't want to push them too far.
In the wild, it isn't too crucial if a few trees out of a hundred die from some stress, but losing just one tree can be
very important to the home landscape.
What are their basic needs?
A plant's needs can
be divided into two categories: what plants need before they are planted and what they will need after planting.
Before a plant is introduced, you need to determine if the site is right. Does it provide the level of light this specific
plant will need to thrive? Is the soil type compatible with this plant? Is the pH of the soil acceptable?
Is there good air circulation? Once you have matched the plant to the site (or made any necessary adjustments to the
site), the plant will require water and nutrition.
What is the most critical period of time?
Of course, the most critical time is going to be right after it is planted. Again, this critical time period
will vary according to the type of plant. You are moving a plant from one environment into another and it will help
to take a few moments and note just how much of a change might be taking place. The plant may be going froma sheltered
area where it was kept consitently moist to a exposed spot in the yard. The more drastic the change, the more careful
you will need to be. During and immediately after the move, you will need to watch for signs of water stress.
Newly planted plants may also develop signs of sunburn or windburn.
If the plant is being moved into a
drastically different environment, is there anything I can do to help before I plant it?
Yes. If you have
time, introduce the plant to its new environment gradually. If the plant is coming straight out of a warm greenhouse,
let it spend a few days in a cooler area before planting it. And if it is going from shade to sun, let it spend a few
days where it will get lots of sun, but be shaded from the more intense direct afternoon sun. Letting the plant acclimate
to its new surroundings gradually will make your job easier in the long run.
Is there a single element
that is the most crucial?
Absolutely, It's water. Water is need by all plants. And plants gather
water principally by absorbing it with their roots from the soil. While a new plant has limited roots, reaching into
the surrounding soil, it is important to keep that area consistenly moist, but not wet. How uch water you will need
to provide depends on the soil type, ground temperature, how windy it is and the type of plant. Because so many factors
can influence the amount or frequency of watering, there is no magic formula. You will have to judge your own situation.
How will I know if I am giving the new plants what they need?
The most common and obvious sign
of trouble with a plant is wilting. The confusing part is that while plants most often wilt from lack of water, they
can also wilt from too much water. Check the soil by digging down a few inches and feeling it before adding water.
If it is still moist, lack of water is not the problem. Watering when plants have wilted from lack of water is easy.
Drying out a plant that is too wet is difficult, especially since we don't have control of rain.
When
will I need to feed the new plant? And with what?
Plants should be allowed to rely on the nutrients already
in the soil when they are first planted. The general rule is related to the guideline you use for providing extra care.
Annual flowers and vegetables can be fertilized after the first two or three weeks. Pereniials can be fed after the
first month or two. And, woodies can be fertilized after their first season. Of course, all the bsix rules for
when to fertilize and what formulas to use should be followed.
What about products such as Start-Up?
There are some very gentle starter solutions and may be used to help give your plants a jump-start. They
are nutritionally very dilute and often contain a rooting hormone such as IBA (indole butyric acid) and might also contain
some vitamins.
Are there any plants that need less care?
There are plants that are considered
low maintenance, easy-to-grow or drought tolerant. But even they need some extra attention to get established.
Once they have settled in, they can require much less ongoing care, but not at first. You can make your job easier by
working with nature. Avoid planting during the warmer, drier parts of the season and try to match the plant carefully
to the site. For instance, if you don't have time to baby plants, avoid planting something that needs constantly
moist shade ina sunny, dry site.
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